Although important medical and technological advances have been made, conventional therapies directed against cancer have severe side effects and complications such as serious toxicities and development of resistance. This work highlights the integration of untargeted metabolomic profile and cytotoxic activity to explore plant extracts, and the NP approach to interpreting the experimental results.Ĭancer is the second leading cause of death globally, responsible for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018.
The Network Pharmacology (NP) approach revealed several targets for presqualene diphosphate, phytol, stearic acid, δ-tocopherol, ursolic acid and γ-linolenic acid, involved in cellular processes such as apoptosis. The sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis pathway was the most significant identified. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed similar profiles between the extracts, while a Venn diagram revealed 80 coincident metabolites between the bioactive extracts. Hexane extract was the most active against Hep3B (IC 50 = 27 ± 3 μg/mL), while CHCl 3/MeOH extract was the most selective (SI = 2.77) on the same cell line. Hexane, chloroform/methanol, and aqueous extracts were evaluated on HepG2, Hep3B, HeLa, PC3, A549, and MCF7 cancer cell lines and IHH immortalized hepatic cells, using Cell Titer proliferation assay kit. MetaboAnalyst database was used in metabolic pathway analysis and the network topological analysis. The metabolomic profile was developed through UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS for dereplication purposes. Likewise, it determined the cytotoxic activity and interpreted all data by computational tools. This study explored the metabolomic profile of this species using untargeted technique. Cissus incisa leaves have been traditionally used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat certain cancerous illness.